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硕士研究生英语长难句解析与佳句赏析【4】

2019-10-07

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The world is going through the biggest wave of mergers and acquisitions ever witnessed. The process sweeps from hyperactive America to Europe and reaches the emerging countries with unsurpassed might. Many in these countries are looking at this process and worrying: "Won't the wave of business concentration turn into an uncontrollable anti-competitive force?"

There's no question that the big are getting bigger and more powerful. Multinational corporations accounted for less than 20% of international trade in 1982. Today the figure is more than 25% and growing rapidly. International affiliates account for a fast-growing segment of production in economies that open up and welcome foreign investment. In Argentina, for instance, after the reforms of the early 1990s, multinationals went from 43% to almost 70% of the industrial production of the 200 largest firms. This phenomenon has created serious concerns over the role of smaller economic firms, of national businessmen and over the ultimate stability of the world economy.

I believe that the most important forces behind the massive M&A wave are the same that underlie the globalization process: falling transportation and communication costs, lower trade and investment barriers and enlarged markets that require enlarged operations capable of meeting customers' demands. All these are beneficial, not detrimental, to consumers. As productivity grows, the world's wealth increases.

Examples of benefits or costs of the current concentration wave are scanty. Yet it is hard to imagine that the merger of a few oil firms today could re-create the same threats to competition that were feared nearly a century ago in the U.S., when the Standard Oil trust was broken up. The mergers of telecom companies, such as WorldCom, hardly seem to bring higher prices for consumers or a reduction in the pace of technical progress. On the contrary, the price of communications is coming down fast. In cars, too, concentration is increasing-witness Daimler and Chrysler, Renault and Nissan-but it does not appear that consumers are being hurt.

Yet the fact remains that the merger movement must be watched. A few weeks ago, Alan Greenspan warned against the megamergers in the banking industry. Who is going to supervise, regulate and operate as lender of last resort with the gigantic banks that are being created? Won't multinationals shift production from one place to another when a nation gets too strict about infringements to fair competition? And should one country take upon itself the role of “defending competition” on issues that affect many other nations, as in the U S. vs. Microsoft case ?

文章长难句分析与佳句赏析

长难句分析:

    ① International affiliates account for a fast-growing segment of production in economies that open up and welcome foreign investment.

该句主干为International affiliates account for…,其中“that”引导的是一个定语从句,修饰“economies”。

知识点补充:“affiliates”指世界各地的分公司;“account for”意为“是……的原因”、“导致,引起”或“占……比例”;“economies”用的是复数形式,指的是各个国家经济领域的各行各业。

 I believe that the most important forces behind the massive M&A wave are the same that underlie the globalization process: falling transportation and communication costs, lower trade and investment barriers and enlarged markets that require enlarged operations capable of meeting customers’ demands.

该句主干是“I believe that”加上一个较长的宾语从句。从句中,主干为the most important forces…are the same that …that引导一个定语从句,修饰前面的the same。冒号后的成分一般是起解释的作用,这里列举原因。

知识点补充:“forces behind”和“underlie”意思相同,都表达“造成…的原因”。

 Yet it is hard to imagine that the merger of a few oil firms today could re-create the same threats to competition that were feared nearly a century ago in the US, when the Standard Oil trust was broken up.

该句主干是“It is hard to imagine that...”。第一个that引导imagine的宾语从句。宾语从句中又含有一个that引导的定语从句,修饰“competition”,定语从句中包含一个由“when”引导的时间状语。Standard Oil trust指美国石油托拉斯,它像现在的微软公司因为有垄断之嫌而被迫解体。

佳句赏析:

① The world is going through the biggest wave of mergers and acquisitions ever witnessed.

该句运用暗喻的修辞手法,形象地使用wave一词描述全球企业兼并的大趋势。

 This phenomenon has created serious concerns over the role of smaller economic firms, of national businessmen and over the ultimate stability of the world economy.

该句运用两层并列形式的结构,达到较强的语境效果。over the role和over the ultimate stability的并列是第一层,role后面的两个of是第二层并列。

 

核心词汇与超纲词汇

1)affiliate(n./v.)分公司,附属机构;使附属于

2)detrimental(a.)不利的。~ to ...对……不利的

3)hyperactive(a.)极其活跃的;hyper是一词缀,常与形容词或名词结合,意为“过度的”,如:hypercritical 吹毛求疵的

4infringementn.)侵害

5)megamerger(n.)大型合并;mega-是一词缀,意为“大,强”,如megacity 特大城市

6)merger(n.)合并,归并;acquisition获得,收购

7)take upon oneself承担

8)warn against告诫、提防(不要做某事);warn sb. of sth.提醒某人某事

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