雅思写作之形容词性从句（定语从句）
主从复合句：形容词性从句（定语从句）
关系代词：who，whom，whose，which，that，as引导的定语从句
- who的先行词是人，在定语从句中作主语
出国留学的孩子将会有体验一种不同文化的好机会。
Children who study abroad will have a good opportunity to experience a different culture.
拥有外国学位的学生似乎更加自信、独立、善于跟人打交道。
Those students who hold a foreign degree seem to be more confident，independent，and worldly wise.
- whom的先行词是人，在定语从句中作宾语
受父母鼓励做兼职工作的孩子在将来会更好的适应社会。
Children whom their parents encourage to take part-time jobs will adapt to the society better in the future.
我们可以从老师那里学到最多的知识，他们永远不会被电脑代替。
Teachers from whom we learn the most knowledge can never be replaced by computers.
- whose的先行词即可是人，又可是物，在定语从句中做定语。
在家长合理、始终如一的教导下，孩子将会更自信。
Children whose parents’ guidance is consistent and rational will have more self-confidence.
那条两岸树木繁茂的河流向着大海流去。
The river whose banks are covered with trees flows to the sea.
=The river of which the banks are covered with trees flows to the sea.
=The river the banks of which are covered with trees flows to the sea.
- which的先行词必须是物，在定语从句中可以做主语或宾语（注意它可以作动词宾语也可以做介词宾语）
广告经常怂恿人们购买他们不需要的东西。
Advertisements often urge people to buy things which they do not need.
这就是联合国在过去5年里一直在激烈竞争中的问题。
This is the question about which the United Nations have been discussing heatedly in the past five years.
- that的先行词即可是人，又可是物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
互联网是一个能够拓展人们视野的工具。
The Internet is a tool that can expand one’s horizon.
均衡的食物摄入、食物的多样性和积极的生活方式是防止人们肥胖的唯一途径。
Balanced food intake，food variety，and an active lifestyle are the only things that will prevent people from getting overweight.
注意：
◆如果先行词是everything，nothing，something，anything关系代词只能用that，但如果先行词是all，none，much little等不定代词时只能用that
◆先行词是形容词性的最高级、序数词以及only，very，few，much，some，any，no修饰时，只能用that，，而不能用which，who或whom
- as引导定语从句用于固定句式中，写作中常用的有以下：
As can be seen from...，+句子【如......所示，......】
As has been discussed above，+句子【根据以上的讨论，......】
As has been mentioned previously，+句子【根据前面所提到的内容，......】
As has been analyzed previously。+句子【根据以上的分析，......】
如曲线图所示，鸡肉的消费量从1990年到2010年是最大。
As can be seen from the line graph，the consumption of chicken was the largest over a span of two decades from 1990 to 2010.
根据以上的讨论，我们可以得出一个结论—出国留学的好处远远大于坏处。
As has been discussed above，we can safely draw a conclusion that the merits of studying abroad far outweigh the demerits.
众所周知，互联网是一把双刃剑。
As is known to all，the Internet is a doubled-edged sword.
